Curiosity is at a site on lower Mount Sharp selected for the mission's seventh sample-collection drilling of 2016.
The team learned that Curiosity did not complete the commands for drilling. The rover detected a fault in an early step in which the "drill feed" mechanism did not extend the drill to touch the rock target with the bit.
"We are in the process of defining a set of diagnostic tests to carefully assess the drill feed mechanism. We are using our test rover here on Earth to try out these tests before we run them on Mars," Steven Lee, Curiosity Deputy Project Manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in the US.
"To be cautious, until we run the tests on Curiosity, we want to restrict any dynamic changes that could affect the diagnosis. That means not moving the arm and not driving, which could shake it," said Lee.
Two among the set of possible causes being assessed are that a brake on the drill feed mechanism did not disengage fully or that an electronic encoder for the mechanism's motor did not function as expected.
Lee said that workarounds may exist for both of those scenarios, but the first step is to identify why the motor did not operate properly last week.
The drill feed mechanism pushes the front of the drill outward from the turret of tools at the end of Curiosity's robotic arm.
The drill collects powdered rock that is analysed by laboratory instruments inside the rover.
While arm movements and driving are on hold, the rover is using cameras and a spectrometer on its mast, and a suite of environmental monitoring capabilities.
At the rover's current location, it has driven 15.01 kilometres since landing inside Mars' Gale Crater in August 2012. That includes more than 840 meters since departing a cluster of scenic mesas and buttes - called "Murray Buttes" - in September 2016.
Curiosity has climbed 165 metres in elevation since landing, including 44 meters since departing Murray Buttes.
The rover is climbing to sequentially higher and younger layers of lower Mount Sharp to investigate how the region's ancient climate changed, billions of years ago.
Clues about environmental conditions are recorded in the rock layers. During its first year on Mars, the mission succeeded at its main goal by finding that the region once offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life, if Mars has ever hosted life.
"We still have percussion available, but we would like to be cautious and use it for targets where we really need it, and otherwise use rotary-only where that can give us a sample," said Curiosity Project Scientist Ashwin Vasavada at JPL.
